Summary - Compiler internals

Combine pipeline, AST and Kernel to write a compiler summary.

Summary: Compiler internals

In this group we covered Dart compiler internals: the compilation pipeline runs source through stages, the AST is the semantic tree of the code, Kernel is the platform-independent IR.

Code generation turns Kernel into target code, and dartaotruntime runs AOT-compiled programs. In this summary you will write a class that combines all of these concepts.

Exercise Summary: A CompilationStep class

Define a CompilationStep class with final String input; final String output; CompilationStep(this.input, this.output); field and constructor. Add a String describe() => '$input → $output'; method. In main create final s = CompilationStep('AST', 'Kernel');; print with print(s.describe());.

Show example solution

class CompilationStep {
  final String input;
  final String output;
  CompilationStep(this.input, this.output);
  String describe() => '$input → $output';
}

void main() {
  final s = CompilationStep('AST', 'Kernel');
  print(s.describe());
}

Test yourself

What is one of the core compilation pipeline stages?
- Parsing to AST
- Only UI render
- Only garbage collection
- Only package install
Show answer

Parsing to AST — parsing to AST is a core pipeline stage.
Match the compiler parts

Pipeline

Stage flow
AST

Semantic tree
Kernel

Intermediate
Backend

Code generation

A backend name

final backend = '____';
print(backend);

Show answer

final backend = 'dart2js';
print(backend);

Next lesson: dart:ffi

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