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What is Dart?

Learn that Dart is a language developed by Google.

What is Dart?

Dart is a modern programming language developed by Google. It is designed for client-side applications: web, server and especially mobile apps with Flutter.

Dart 3 ships null safety, records and pattern matching as standard. This lets you write safer and more readable code.

Dart is strongly typed but also infers types. So writing code is fast, and the compiler catches errors early.

Dart 3 features

Dart 3 is the modern version of the language and uses null safety by default. A variable cannot be null; you must say so explicitly.

The new records feature lets you return multiple values as a single bundle. Pattern matching makes destructuring and matching data easy.

This course uses Dart 3 syntax. Old code may handle null differently; we learn the modern usage.

Practice Write your first output

Use print to print Hello Dart to the screen.

Starter code

main.dart
// Write your message here

Sample solution

main.dart
print("Hello Dart");

Expected output

Hello Dart

Questions and answers

Review the lesson questions together with their answers. To test yourself, solve the lesson interactively.

1 Who develops Dart?

  • Mozilla
  • Microsoft
  • Apple
  • Google Correct answer

Explanation: Dart is developed by Google.

2 Entry point

Question 
void ____() { print('Hello'); }
Answer 
void main() { print('Hello'); }

Explanation: Every Dart program starts from the main function.

3 Match the concepts

Term Meaning
main Program entry point
print Writes output to screen
Dart Google's language
dart run Runs the program

All lessons in Beginner

1 Dart basics

  1. What is Dart?
  2. Your first program
  3. dart run
  4. Comments
  5. String interpolation
  6. Summary - Dart basics

2 Variables

  1. var and type
  2. final
  3. const
  4. late
  5. Null safety
  6. Summary - Variables

3 Data types

  1. Integer types
  2. Floating-point types
  3. bool and String
  4. Type inference
  5. dynamic
  6. Summary - Data types

4 Project: Calculator

  1. Project design
  2. Add and subtract
  3. Multiply and divide
  4. Error handling
  5. Putting it together

5 Operators

  1. Arithmetic operators
  2. Assignment operators
  3. Comparison operators
  4. Logical operators
  5. Null-aware operators
  6. Summary - Operators

6 Strings

  1. Creating strings
  2. String interpolation
  3. length and methods
  4. substring
  5. contains and indexOf
  6. Summary - Strings

7 Conditionals

  1. The if statement
  2. else and else if
  3. switch
  4. Pattern matching
  5. Ternary
  6. Summary - Conditionals

8 Loops

  1. The for loop
  2. The while loop
  3. The do-while loop
  4. for-in
  5. break and continue
  6. Summary - Loops

9 Project: Shopping cart

  1. Cart design
  2. Adding items
  3. Calculating totals
  4. Listing the cart
  5. Putting it together

10 Lists

  1. Creating lists
  2. List access
  3. add and remove
  4. length and contains
  5. List methods
  6. Summary - Lists

11 Sets and Maps

  1. Set
  2. Set operations
  3. Map
  4. Map operations
  5. Map iteration
  6. Summary - Sets and Maps

12 Functions

  1. Defining functions
  2. Return values
  3. Arrow functions
  4. Optional parameters
  5. First-class functions
  6. Summary - Functions

13 Null safety in depth

  1. Nullable types
  2. Null-aware operators
  3. The ! operator
  4. late
  5. Null check
  6. Summary - Null safety

14 Class basics

  1. class
  2. Constructor
  3. Instance variables
  4. Methods
  5. this
  6. Summary - Class basics

15 Project: To-do CLI

  1. Task model
  2. Adding tasks
  3. Listing tasks
  4. Completing tasks
  5. Putting it together

16 Advanced string operations

  1. split and join
  2. replace
  3. trim and pad
  4. RegExp
  5. StringBuffer
  6. Summary - Advanced strings

17 Enums

  1. Defining enums
  2. Enum values
  3. Enhanced enums
  4. switch with enum
  5. Enum and patterns
  6. Summary - Enums

18 Exceptions

  1. try/catch
  2. throw
  3. finally
  4. The Exception class
  5. on clause
  6. Summary - Exceptions

19 Async basics

  1. Future
  2. async/await
  3. then
  4. Future.error
  5. Future.wait
  6. Summary - Async basics

20 Beginner final

  1. Project design
  2. Classes
  3. Collections
  4. Error handling
  5. Putting it together