Restore process

Learn to restore with Velero.

The restore process

velero restore create --from-backup restores a backup. It doesn't overwrite existing objects; it creates the missing ones. With --namespace-mappings the backup can be opened into another namespace (for example to inspect it):

$ velero restore create --from-backup gece-20261103020000
Restore request "gece-20261103020000-20261103112233" submitted successfully.
$ velero restore create inceleme --from-backup gece-20261103020000 \
    --namespace-mappings magaza:magaza-inceleme
$ velero restore get
NAME        BACKUP                  STATUS      ERRORS   WARNINGS
inceleme    gece-20261103020000     Completed   0        2

Recovering from etcd

If the whole control plane is lost, the etcd snapshot is opened into a new data directory and etcd is started with that directory. This returns the entire cluster to the moment of the snapshot:

# kube-apiserver and etcd are stopped (static pod manifests are moved)
etcdutl snapshot restore /yedek/etcd.db --data-dir /var/lib/etcd-geri
# the hostPath in the etcd manifest becomes /var/lib/etcd-geri, components are restarted
kubectl get nodes

Everything created after the snapshot is lost; that's why taking frequent snapshots matters.

Exercise Restore a namespace

Write three commands: list the Velero backups; create a restore named magaza-geri from the backup gece-20261103020000, taking only the magaza namespace (--include-namespaces); show the magaza-geri restore in detail (describe).

Show example solution

velero backup get
velero restore create magaza-geri --from-backup gece-20261103020000 --include-namespaces magaza
velero restore describe magaza-geri

Test yourself

When restoring a deleted namespace, what is the first step?
- Choosing a suitable, Completed backup with velero backup get
- Deleting etcd
- Rebuilding the cluster
- Deleting all pods
Show answer

Choosing a suitable, Completed backup with velero backup get — PartiallyFailed or very old backups can lead to data loss.

Open the backup into another namespace.

velero restore create inceleme --from-backup gece-20261103020000 ____ magaza:magaza-inceleme

Show answer

velero restore create inceleme --from-backup gece-20261103020000 --namespace-mappings magaza:magaza-inceleme

Match.

restore create

Restore
--from-backup

Source backup
snapshot restore

Open etcd
--data-dir

New etcd directory

Next lesson: RPO and RTO

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