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Variables and types

Learn basic C# types like int, float and string.

Numeric Types: int and float

In C#, the int type is used to store whole numbers (such as health points, ammo count, level). For decimal and fractional values, the float type is used (such as movement speed, coordinates, time). When defining a float literal in C#, the f suffix must always be attached.

int ammo = 30;
float speed = 7.5f;

Decimal numbers without the trailing f are treated as double by default in C# and cause compilation errors.

Text and Logic Types: string and bool

The string type is used to store character sequences and text, with values enclosed in double quotes. To hold logical true/false conditions, the bool type is used. A bool variable can only hold either true or false.

string playerName = "Hero";
bool isAlive = true;

In conditional statements and game state checks, bool variables are indispensable.

Practice Declare basic variables

Inside the Main method, declare: hero with string "Savasci", level with int 5, speed with float 4.5f, and isAlive with bool true. Then print them with Console.WriteLine(hero + " - Seviye: " + level + " - Hiz: " + speed + " - Hayatta: " + isAlive);.

Starter code

Player.cs
using System;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        // Degiskenleri buraya tanimla
    }
}

Sample solution

Player.cs
using System;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string hero = "Savasci";
        int level = 5;
        float speed = 4.5f;
        bool isAlive = true;

        Console.WriteLine(hero + " - Seviye: " + level + " - Hiz: " + speed + " - Hayatta: " + isAlive);
    }
}

Expected output

Savasci - Seviye: 5 - Hiz: 4.5 - Hayatta: True

Questions and answers

Review the lesson questions together with their answers. To test yourself, solve the lesson interactively.

1 Which suffix must be appended when writing a decimal float value in C# (e.g. 5.5)?

  • s
  • m
  • f Correct answer
  • d

Explanation: The C# compiler defaults decimal numbers to double; for float types, 'f' or 'F' must be appended to the number.

2 float literal suffix

Question 
float speed = 4.5____;
Answer 
float speed = 4.5f;

Explanation: In C#, decimal literals of type float must be suffixed with 'f'.

3 Basic C# data types

Term Meaning
int Stores whole integer values (e.g. 10)
float Stores floating-point numbers (3.14f)
string Stores text in double quotes ("Unity")
bool Stores true or false boolean value

All lessons in Beginner

1 What is game development?

  1. Intro to game development
  2. Game engines
  3. 2D and 3D games
  4. The game loop
  5. The scene concept
  6. Summary - Game dev fundamentals

2 Unity setup

  1. Installing Unity Hub
  2. Creating your first project
  3. The editor interface
  4. Toolbar and playback
  5. Saving the project
  6. Summary - Unity setup

3 First scene project

  1. Project overview
  2. Camera and light
  3. Your first cube in the scene
  4. Adding a material
  5. Testing in Play mode
  6. Summary - First scene

4 The GameObject concept

  1. What is a GameObject?
  2. Components
  3. The Hierarchy window
  4. Editing with the Inspector
  5. Tags and Layers
  6. Summary - GameObject

5 C# script basics

  1. Your first C# script
  2. using and namespace
  3. Class structure
  4. Variables and types
  5. Output with Debug.Log
  6. Summary - C# basics

6 MonoBehaviour

  1. What is MonoBehaviour?
  2. The Start method
  3. The Update method
  4. Awake vs Start
  5. SerializeField and public
  6. Summary - MonoBehaviour

7 Transform

  1. What is Transform?
  2. Changing position
  3. Moving with Translate
  4. Changing rotation
  5. Local vs world space
  6. Summary - Transform

8 Input

  1. The Input class
  2. Axis input
  3. Mouse input
  4. The new Input System
  5. Movement vector
  6. Summary - Input

9 Physics (Rigidbody/Collider)

  1. What is a Rigidbody?
  2. What is a Collider?
  3. Applying force with AddForce
  4. Collision events
  5. Trigger events
  6. Summary - Physics

10 2D Sprite

  1. What is a Sprite?
  2. SpriteRenderer
  3. Sprite import settings
  4. Sprite sorting
  5. Preparing sprite animation
  6. Summary - 2D Sprite

11 Godot basics

  1. The Godot editor
  2. A new project
  3. The scene tree
  4. The Node concept
  5. Saving the project
  6. Summary - Godot basics

12 GDScript

  1. What is GDScript?
  2. extends and variables
  3. Function definition
  4. Output with print
  5. Type hints
  6. Summary - GDScript

13 Node and Scene

  1. Node2D and Sprite2D
  2. Saving a scene
  3. Scene instance
  4. The _ready method
  5. The _process method
  6. Summary - Node and Scene

14 Beginner final

  1. Challenge 1: Print a score
  2. Challenge 2: Movement vector
  3. Challenge 3: Godot ready
  4. Challenge 4: Collision log
  5. Challenge 5: Final synthesis