Returning arrays from functions

Learn to return an array from a function and use the result.

Returning arrays from functions

A function can return an array instead of a single value. Example: function bounds() { return [10, 99]; }. You can assign the call result to a variable and reach items with $r[0], $r[1].

This is the easiest way to send several values out at once. You can also loop over the returned array with foreach.

Destructuring arrays with list

To spread a returned array into variables in one go, use list(). Example: list($low, $high) = bounds();. This line puts the first item into $low and the second into $high.

This technique is called destructuring and is a short way to pick up several returned values cleanly.

Exercise Return bounds and destructure them

Define a parameterless function named getBounds. In the body, write return [10, 99];. Then spread the items with list($low, $high) = getBounds(); and print with echo $low . "-" . $high . "\n";.

Show example solution

Write function getBounds() { return [10, 99]; }, then list($low, $high) = getBounds(); and echo $low . "-" . $high . "\n";.
Example solution:
<?php
// Define getBounds and use list to destructure
function getBounds() {
    return [10, 99];
}
list($low, $high) = getBounds();
echo $low . "-" . $high . "\n";

Test yourself

Complete the array return statement

function bounds() {
    ____ [10, 99];
}
$r = bounds();
echo $r[0];

Show answer

function bounds() {
    return [10, 99];
}
$r = bounds();
echo $r[0];

Match array return patterns

return [10, 99]

Returns an array
$r[0]

Gives first item
list($a, $b) = ...

Spreads into variables
What is the output of the code below?
```
function bounds() {
    return [10, 99];
}
$r = bounds();
echo $r[1];
```
- 10
- 99
- [10, 99]
- 1099
Show answer

99 — Correct. $r[1] is the second item, which is 99.

Next lesson: Summary - Functions

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