Summary - Loops

Build a multiplication table using for, while and foreach.

Summary - Loops

In this group you learned four loop types. for suits a known count, while suits condition-driven repeats, do-while runs at least once, and foreach walks array elements.

You also saw break to end a loop and continue to skip a step. Now you will combine them in a multiplication table and an element search task.

Exercise The 3 times table

Use a for loop to print the 3 times table. Let $i go from 1 to 5 and print each row as 3 x N = R. Example: 3 x 1 = 3, 3 x 2 = 6.

Show example solution

Write for ($i = 1; $i <= 5; $i++) and print echo "3 x " . $i . " = " . (3 * $i) . "\n".
Example solution:
<?php
// The 3 times table
for ($i = 1; $i <= 5; $i++) {
    echo "3 x " . $i . " = " . (3 * $i) . "\n";
}

foreach and break together

To stop when you find a certain element while walking an array, use foreach and break together. foreach ($numbers as $number) walks the elements, and when you reach the target you exit with break.

For example, to stop at 4 in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] you write if ($number == 4) { break; }; 1, 2 and 3 are printed and the loop ends.

Exercise Stop at 4

Walk through the $numbers array with foreach. Print each number with echo; but when $number is 4, exit the loop with break. So 1, 2 and 3 should be printed and the loop should stop.

Show example solution

Write foreach ($numbers as $number), first stop with if ($number == 4) { break; }, then echo $number . "\n".
Example solution:
<?php
$numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
// Stop when 4 is found
foreach ($numbers as $number) {
    if ($number == 4) {
        break;
    }
    echo $number . "\n";
}

Test yourself

Which loop best fits printing numbers from 1 to 100?
- do-while
- for
- foreach
- break
Show answer

for — Correct. When the repeat count is known, for is the best fit.
Match each loop to its use case

for

Fixed number of repeats
while

While a condition holds
foreach

Walks array elements
break

Exits the loop

Next lesson: Project: Shopping cart

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