match basics

Match a value against patterns with match.

match basics

match compares a value against patterns in order and runs the first arm that matches. Arms are written pattern => expression; patterns can be literals, ranges (1..=5), several values (1 | 2) or _:

let gun = 6;
let tur = match gun {
    1..=5 => "iş günü",
    6 | 7 => "hafta sonu",
    _ => "geçersiz",
};
println!("{tur}");

A match must be exhaustive: every possible value must be covered by an arm.

Arm bodies

If an arm runs several lines, curly braces are used; its last expression is the arm's value:

match komut {
    "ekle" => {
        sayac += 1;
        println!("eklendi");
    }
    "sil" => sayac -= 1,
    _ => println!("bilinmeyen: {komut}"),
}

Arm order matters: _ goes last, otherwise later arms are never reached and the compiler warns.

Exercise Kind of day

Write fn gun_turu(g: u8) -> &'static str: 1–5 "iş günü", 6 and 7 "hafta sonu", otherwise "geçersiz". Print the results for 3, 7 and 9 on separate lines.

Show example solution

fn gun_turu(g: u8) -> &'static str {
    match g {
        1..=5 => "iş günü",
        6 | 7 => "hafta sonu",
        _ => "geçersiz",
    }
}

fn main() {
    for g in [3, 7, 9] {
        println!("{}", gun_turu(g));
    }
}

Test yourself

Why is <code>match</code> safer than a switch?
- The compiler checks that every case is handled
- It's faster
- It requires break
- It only works with numbers
Show answer

The compiler checks that every case is handled — A missing case is a compile error; also arms don't fall through.

Several values

match gun {
    6 ____ 7 => "hafta sonu",
    _ => "iş günü",
}

Show answer

match gun {
    6 | 7 => "hafta sonu",
    _ => "iş günü",
}

Pattern and meaning

3

A single value
1..=5

Inclusive range
6 | 7

Several values
_

Everything else

Next lesson: loop

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