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Workspace

Manage multiple crates under one workspace.

Workspaces

A workspace groups several packages developed together under one roof. All members share one Cargo.lock and target/ folder; common dependencies are compiled once:

# root Cargo.toml
[workspace]
members = ["ortak", "api", "cli"]

[workspace.dependencies]
serde = "1"

# api/Cargo.toml
[dependencies]
ortak = { path = "../ortak" }
serde = { workspace = true }

cargo build processes all members, cargo test -p api just one.

Shared code layout

A typical layout: models and helpers in the ortak library, the server and command line in separate binary packages. Each package pulls only the dependencies it needs:

proje/
├── Cargo.toml        # [workspace]
├── ortak/src/lib.rs  # pub fn surum()
├── api/src/main.rs   # use ortak::surum;
└── cli/src/main.rs   # use ortak::surum;

Practice Shared version

Imitate the workspace with modules: pub fn surum() returning "1.0.0" in mod ortak, and pub fn durum() -> String using super::ortak::surum() in mod api and mod cli. Produce the output api 1.0.0 | cli 1.0.0.

Starter code

main.rs
fn main() {
    // buraya yaz
}

Sample solution

main.rs
mod ortak {
    pub fn surum() -> &'static str {
        "1.0.0"
    }
}

mod api {
    pub fn durum() -> String {
        format!("api {}", super::ortak::surum())
    }
}

mod cli {
    pub fn durum() -> String {
        format!("cli {}", super::ortak::surum())
    }
}

fn main() {
    println!("{} | {}", api::durum(), cli::durum());
}

Expected output

api 1.0.0 | cli 1.0.0

Questions and answers

Review the lesson questions together with their answers. To test yourself, solve the lesson interactively.

1 How does one workspace member depend on another?

  • With a local path dependency, path = "../ortak" Correct answer
  • By downloading from crates.io
  • By writing mod ortak;
  • It links automatically

Explanation: A path dependency lets changes be seen immediately without publishing.

2 List the members

Question 
[workspace]
____ = ["ortak", "api", "cli"]
Answer 
[workspace]
members = ["ortak", "api", "cli"]

Explanation: Workspace members are defined in the members list.

3 Item and role

Term Meaning
[workspace] Workspace definition
path = "../ortak" Local dependency
workspace = true Use the shared version
cargo test -p api Single member

All lessons in Intermediate

1 Traits

  1. What is a trait?
  2. Implementing a trait
  3. Default methods
  4. Traits as parameters
  5. Multiple traits
  6. Summary - Traits

2 Generics

  1. Generic function
  2. Generic struct
  3. Generic method
  4. Generic enum
  5. Turbofish
  6. Summary - Generics

3 Lifetimes

  1. What is a lifetime?
  2. Explicit lifetimes
  3. Function lifetimes
  4. Struct lifetimes
  5. Elision rules
  6. Summary - Lifetimes

4 Trait bounds

  1. Trait bound
  2. Multiple bounds
  3. where clause
  4. impl Trait
  5. dyn Trait
  6. Summary - Trait bounds

5 Project: Library crate

  1. Crate skeleton
  2. Public API
  3. Generic structure
  4. Searching with traits
  5. Test infrastructure

6 Smart pointers

  1. Box<T>
  2. Rc<T>
  3. Arc<T>
  4. Box and recursion
  5. Deref
  6. Summary - Smart pointers

7 Interior mutability

  1. RefCell<T>
  2. borrow and borrow_mut
  3. Rc<RefCell<T>>
  4. Cell<T>
  5. External mutation
  6. Summary - Interior mutability

8 Closures

  1. Closure syntax
  2. Type inference
  3. Capturing
  4. Fn, FnMut, FnOnce
  5. Closure and iterator
  6. Summary - Closures

9 Iterators

  1. Iterator trait
  2. next method
  3. map and filter
  4. collect
  5. Lazy evaluation
  6. Summary - Iterators

10 Collections

  1. HashMap
  2. BTreeMap
  3. HashSet
  4. Entry API
  5. Iterating collections
  6. Summary - Collections

11 Project: CLI app

  1. Command skeleton
  2. State with Vec
  3. Result and commands
  4. Processing with iterators
  5. Error and exit

12 Advanced error handling

  1. Error trait
  2. thiserror
  3. anyhow
  4. Error conversion
  5. Adding context
  6. Summary - Advanced error handling

13 Modules

  1. Defining modules
  2. use
  3. pub
  4. File modules
  5. crate and super
  6. Summary - Modules

14 Crates and packages

  1. Binary and library crate
  2. Cargo.toml
  3. Versions
  4. Features
  5. Workspace
  6. Summary - Crates and packages

15 Testing

  1. Unit test
  2. assert! macro
  3. Integration test
  4. Doc test
  5. should_panic
  6. Summary - Testing

16 File I/O

  1. Reading a file
  2. Writing a file
  3. Append mode
  4. BufReader
  5. Directory operations
  6. Summary - File I/O

17 CLI with clap

  1. Introducing clap
  2. Derive macro
  3. Positional argument
  4. Option flag
  5. Subcommand
  6. Summary - CLI with clap

18 Serialization with serde

  1. Serialize and Deserialize
  2. derive
  3. JSON
  4. Field rename
  5. Option and default
  6. Summary - Serde

19 Project: Blog API

  1. Model skeleton
  2. Reading JSON
  3. Error handling
  4. Listing records
  5. CLI

20 Intermediate final

  1. Generic stack
  2. Shapes with traits
  3. Iterator adapter
  4. JSON config reader